Study On Profit Being A Misleading Concept Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1337 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? The way in which a company uses the cash and profit generated through doing business, are recorded through cash flow sheets, profit and loss accounts and balance sheets. These documents show the numerical data which is vital for determining how successful the operations of the business are, indicating amounts of revenue, profit, cash and liabilities generated. Taking record of all company expenditure allows the business to manage the financial accounts and produce predictions for where they are heading. Any type of business, no matter the size, will treat cash and profitability as the core reason for operating; carefully managing both as the lifeblood of the firm, meaning that calculations produced can be used as an early warning system to detect troubling financial situations (Haskins, Higgs Ketz, 1987). In order for data sheets to be cross examined the entity must adopt a system of consistency, enabling comparisons to be made between financial periods (Gille spie Lewis Hamilton, 1997. pp 11). The concept of money measurement regulates what business can classify as wealth of the business; only items which can be measured in monetary terms can be included in the financial accounts, this withholding the right for business owners to regard excellent management or employee relations as assets (Chadwick, 1996). The figures shown in a cash flow sheet emphasises the level of liquidity and amounts of cash spent by a business within a given time period (Alexander, Britton Jorissen. 2009). Due to the complex nature of tracing where money has been spent and received from, businesss produce regular cash flow sheets in order to keep track of how it has financed its operations and to determine where funds have originated from i.e. revenue, capital or investment, as well as where they have been used i.e. purchasing of assets or stocks. Analysing cash flow sheets in this way, the user can clearly see that the figures shown are a detailed breakdown of information contained within the balance sheet and the profit and loss account. Haskins, Higgs Ketz (1987, p 39) believe that Firms with excellent products, new equipment, and creative marketing efforts have gone out of business because they mistook income-statement profitability for cash solvency. The accounting concepts involved in calculating such figures like profit and loss and gross profit can prove to be complex as many problems could arise while trying to record where money has come from and where it has gone. The use of a principle known as Duality helps to keep track of where money has come from and where the money has gone. It states that every transaction within a business has a dual effect on the accounts. i.e. the source of wealth and the application of said wealth (Alexander, Britton Jorissen. 2009) The acquisition of new or the improvement of existing assets is known as capital expenditure, whereby such investment in business can result in increased earni ng capacity by lowering the cost of production or increasing output. All assets acquired come with a historic cost, this is the price paid for the item when purchased. It is said that no expense arises because of the ownership of the asset; an expense arises when the asset is used up in earning revenue. (Gillespie Lewis Hamilton, 1997. pp 74). This meaning that items owned are assigned a depreciation value, showing in the accounting sheets that it will not last forever and that its value decreases over time. All moneys expelled by the business in terms of running or essential costs are recorded as revenue expenditure. The amount of revenue available to be spent in this way is governed by an accounting concept known as going concern, this assuming that a company will indefinitely be able to stay operational due to its ability to generate enough cash to stay out of liquidation (Alexander Britton Jorissen. 2009). A profit and loss account compares the amount by which the expense s of a business have exceeded their revenue, thus revealing the net profit gained. The equation for this is demonstrated by Profit = Revenue Expenses. The revenue referring to the income of cash generated by the businesss activities and expenses referring to all moneys paid by the company in order to create the said revenues. This in comparison with to a balance sheet which shows, The increase in equity caused by making a profit (Gillespie Lewis Hamilton, 1997. pp 65) which allows a user to easily determine figures such as working capital and on to ratios to find out whether or not a company is highly geared. It has been argued that profit accounts may not always provide an accurate or meaningful projection of a companys financial operations, unless based upon its future cash flow rather than past incomes. (Purr, 2004) The amount of profit and loss earned by a business during an accounting period is measured on a profit and loss account; however, they do not specify what has h appened to the funds, allowing them to be in their current condition (Chadwick, 1996). The differences in the data entered into a profit and loss account and a balance sheet show the user key individual figures. The data entered must be accrued, recognising that figures are input when the transaction takes place, not when the actual funds are received or paid; the aims of this accounting principle are to align the costs and revenues in the period to which they relate, allowing for comparisons to be made. This part of accounting is known as matching which helps to giving an accurate picture of the companys current inflow and outflow of cash as well as a record of when transactions have taken place (Chadwick, 1996). A balance sheet is a financial statement which informs the user of the businesss status in regards to the amount of assets it employs, including anything it owns or has paid for that is connected with the operations of the business, for example, land, stock, materials a nd cash in the bank. While also taking into account the amount of liabilities a business has, this including all money which is owed to creditors. A balance sheet is a summary of where all the money has come into the business has come from and where and how it has been distributed at the beginning and end of an accounting period (Chadwick, 1996). The figures displayed in a standard balance sheet enable the user to calculate the amount of profit gained additionally a detailed list of assets, fixed i.e. items bought for the use of the business and current i.e. any moneys which are due to be earned by the firm, for example, debtors and stocks . The assets are deducted from the total amount of liabilities employed; these can be classified as anything which results in an outflow of resources and is something which the company owes. The equation employed on a balance sheet is shown as Assets Liabilities = Capital. The figure produced will show the reader the financial differences between everything the business owns and everything it owes. However, under further investigations, the limitations of a balance sheet can be seen as they cannot show the movements in capital, long-term debt and assets or liabilities. (Chadwick, 1996). The relevance of profit and cash can be disputed, depending on the financial accounts of the business at that time. While businesses are eager for long term profits within their company, careful account managing must be adopted to insure that there is enough short term cash or working capital at their expense, enabling them to stay afloat, ensuring that sudden unexpected outgoings can be subsidised. It represents the difference between the current assets and the current liabilities. In effect it keeps the wheels of the business turning by financing the everyday type of operating transactions (Chadwick, 1996. pp 59). The importance of having an abundance of day-today cash has been duly noted, although businesss must carefully manage the le vels of finance, as cash sitting in the bank could be better spent elsewhere, improving assets which would in turn would produce more long term profits. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Study On Profit Being A Misleading Concept Finance Essay" essay for you Create order

Symbols and Symbolism in Young Goodman Brown Essay

Within the Christian faith, there lies the belief that all mankind are born sinners and through their faith can seek redemption. This belief can be found in more detail within the Christian text known as the Bible. An example of this can be found in the Genesis chapter of the Bible which portrays that even the very first Humans ever to be created in God’s image, named Adam and Eve, defied God despite his pre-emptive warnings not too because of their natural tendency as humans to sin. Not only can one chose with their own will to disobey God but one’s faith can be easily swayed by the evils of the world therefore sin can forever bind them in chains for eternity. â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† by Nathaniel Hawthorne, reveals a similar†¦show more content†¦Hawthorne uses this quote as an underlying statement that it wasn’t just his wife that held him back from his rendezvous with the Devil, but also his Faith in God. Hawthorne meant for the reader to make the connection between Goodman’s Wife, Faith and Goodman’s faith in God for which both attempt to sway Goodman from following the path the Devil intends for him. Hawthorne in essence, portrayed Goodman as proof of the nature of evil in man by showing how easily even a young dedicated Puritan can easily be influenced by a complete stranger. This stranger was symbolically the Devil among men in this text. Hawthorne begins introducing the Devil immediately as trying to sway Goodman to follow him on a long journey. By leaving his wife, Faith to begin the journey, Goodman Brown was symbolically leaving his faith in God and entering a forsaken ground by following the Devil. The fact that Goodman Brown left with no regard for his wife Faith’s warning, symbolized the lack of regard for his own faith in God and his fellow human race. This simple disregard that Goodman Brown showed was evidence of the easily persuaded ability of man to choose sin over good. The man that Goodman Brown encountered on his journey symbolized the devil in the text which strongly influenced him to just about give up his faith in God. The Devil disguised as a â€Å"fellow traveler† (266) tried to influence Goodman Brown byShow MoreRelated Essay on Symbols, Symbolism, and Allegory in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown726 Words   |  3 PagesSymbols, Symbolism, and Allegory in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown Symbolism is a literary technique that is used to clarify the authors intent. Sometimes it is used to great effect, while other times it only seems to muddle the meaning of a passage. In Young Goodman Brown, Nathaniel Hawthorne uses objects and people as symbols to allegorically reveal his message to the reader. Nathaniel Hawthorne uses different people as symbols throughout Young Goodman Brown. The largest symbolicRead MoreCompare and Contrast Essay1047 Words   |  5 PagesCompare and Contrast â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† and â€Å"The Lottery† By: Melissa A. Reeves Professor Andrew Smith ENGL 102-B46 LUO Thesis Statement The stories â€Å"The Lottery† and â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† both appear to show that human behavior and judgment can be flawed, even if the person’s intentions appear good to them. There is a level of fear and underlying evil in Puritan settings in both stories. I. Introduction/Statement of Thesis II. Themes and Author’s Purpose A. The Lottery Read MoreThe Use of Symbolism in Young Goodman Brown Essay742 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"The Use of Symbolism in Young Goodman Brown† â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† written by Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1835, is a short story about a man named young Goodman Brown who leaves his wife, Faith, to go on an errand into the woods with the devil. Faith begs Goodman Brown to not leave her alone, but he chooses to go anyways. 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These symbols could be basically anything in which a meaning is more than just the literal context. Hawthorne has several uses of symbolisms in his stories. Symbolism was very popular literary device during the Romantic period, where the object embodied some sort of idea. â€Å"The symbolism of his works focused on isolation and guilt of the individual, the uncertainties of good and evil, and the continual hold of the past on theRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown 1175 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish 1101 7 July 2017 Symbolism in â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† is a short story written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, and was set during the 17th Century Puritan Era. The story was published in 1835 during the Romantic Era. Nathaniel Hawthorne was known for being the master of symbolism. His novels and short stories have been embedded with suggestion and imagination. The dense symbolism that Hawthorne writes could imply multiple interpretations. â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† has quite a few themesRead MoreYoung Goodman Brown882 Words   |  4 PagesLiterary Analysis of Young Goodman Brown Many aspects of human nature have changed over the centuries, but one thing that people have in common is the temptation of evil. From Adam and Eve eating fruit from the forbidden tree in the Garden of Eden to the Iraqi hijackers who flew two airplanes into the World Trade Centers on September 11, 2001 killing thousands of innocent people, evil has always been a part of this world. In an effort to portray the corruption of the Salem witch trials, NathanielRead MoreAllegory and Symbolism in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†1203 Words   |  5 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† is an excellent example of the use of allegories and symbolism as a form of satire on Puritan faith. According to Frank Preston Stearns, author of The Life and Genius of Nathaniel Hawthorne, â€Å"Hawthorne may have intended this story as an exposure of the inconsistency, and consequent hypocrisy, of Puritanism† (Stearns 181). Throughout th e story of â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† Hawthorne tries to infuse as many symbols and allegories as he can to enhance the overallRead MoreThe Use of Color Symbolism by Nathaniel Hawthorne Essay1024 Words   |  5 PagesIs it possible for an author to utilize so much symbolism that it captivates the reader to the extent of paralleling the tale with their own life? The principle of symbolism is quite evident in the story by Nathaniel Hawthorne, â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†. Nathaniel Hawthorn’s work is immersed with symbolism with most of it deriving from his Puritan beliefs. The themes of sin, guilt, innocence, and lust come forth through the uses of color symbolism as well as visual clues. All of these things areRead MoreSymbolism Of Ernest Hemingway s Young Goodman Brown989 Words   |  4 Pagesexplained in words. They are left for the reader to infere for themselves. By looking at the symbolism of the title, the scenery, and drinks, we are able to analyze t he truth in the couple’s relationship. Nathaniel Hawthorne’s, â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†, is a suspenseful story in which we see various forms of symbolism. This story presents us with the protaganist, a young and innocent man named Goodman Brown, which by his name is actually a good religious man. He departs away from his wife faith, to

The Lord of the Flies free essay sample

An analysis of William Goldings book and how the main characters relate to politicians of today. The paper compares the characters of Jack and Ralph in Lord of the Flies to the current American political leaders. The writer briefly explains the plot of the story and how the main theme is the development of leadership skills in order to survive a plane crash. These skills are examined as to how they relate to various politicians. The two boys who exercise the dominant leadership roles in William Goldings The Lord of the Flies are the characters named Jack and Ralph. Ralph is a practical, solid individual with little charisma but with very sensible ideas about how the stranded boys can best survive on the abandoned island their plane has crashed into. Jack is the more attractive and sexy leader of the two individuals. He leads by organizing a cult of personality around his promises of more meat for his tribe, and by creating a mythology of fear around the strange happenings and visions that afflict the younger boys on the island. We will write a custom essay sample on The Lord of the Flies or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In many ways, when comparing these two boys, Ralph can be said to be the George Bush of the two, and Jack can be read as the George W. Bush in contrast.

The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn Can Be Considered A Great Novel Bec

"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" can be considered a great novel because of its social criticism, its authenticity, its relation to God and the supernatural, and by the way it was written. Huck Finn can be considered a great novel because of its social criticism which is shown through satire. Satire is used to criticize something that the writer deems socially wrong. Mark Twain uses satire to criticize man's cruelty to man and religious hypocrisy. Twain criticizes man's cruelty to man mainly through the treatment of slavery throughout the novel. Twain's criticism of religious hypocrisy is shown when Huck stays with the Grangerfords in chapter 17. In the chapter, the Grangerfords took their guns along to church, ready to continue the feud on the way to or from the religious sanctuary. Another way Huck Finn can be considered a great novel is because of its authenticity. Many of the events in the story follow closely to events taking place during the time that Mark Twain wrote the novel. A good example of this is slave trade, that was a part of every day life in the Southern states, and, as in the novel, no one thought negatively about it. Another example is that feuding families, such as the Grangerford - Shepherdson feud was not uncommon at the time. Another aspect that adds to the authenticity of the novel is the emphasis placed on superstitions. During the novel, we learn of some of the superstitions of the time. Some include looking at the moon over one's left shoulder, shaking a tablecloth after sundown, and handling snakeskin. This adds to the authenticity because small children and the uneducated would place great meaning on these superstitions. Huck Finn can also be considered a great novel because of it's relation to God and the supernatural. During a large portion of the story, Huck is at odds on moral grounds with the only form of Christianity that he knows, which was taught to him by Miss Watson. He is debating whether or not to tell Miss Watson about Jim or take him to freedom. In addition to Christianity, there is also a "river" God that gives the story its form. The river is neither all good or all evil, but is mainly looked upon throughout the novel as divine. From the beginning of the novel until the end of it, the river controls the voyage of Huck and Jim. Its power is shown because the river would not let them land in Cairo which meant freedom for Jim. Also in the story, the river separates the two at the Grangerford's and then reunites them later in the company of the King and the Duke. Throughout the novel we are constantly reminded of its presence and its power. Furthermore, after each short social life on sho re, Huck returns to the river with relief and thankfulness. Additionally, Huck Finn can be considered a great novel because of the way it was written. "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" is an episodic novel, meaning that there are strings of incidents along the way of Huck's travels. In the book, it is very easy to identify each episode, because throughout the novel he is going down the river, and each place he stops, starts a new incident. Even thought the novel is episodic, there is clear dramatic organization, meaning that from the beginning to the end, the suspense becomes more intense. Another factor making it a great novel is the way that Mark Twain writes. The story is very easy to read because of Twain's ease and freedom in the use of the language. Moreover, he uses simple, direct, and fluent sentences, with the exception of Jim's dialect.

Men Of Honor essays

Men Of Honor essays Men of Honor, made in 2001, was directed by George Tillman Jr. and produced by Robert Teitel. It stars Robert Deniro as Chief Sunday, and Cuba Gooding Jr. as Carl Brashear, along with Aunjanue Ellis, Hal Holbrook, David Keith, Michael Rapaport, Powers Boothe, and Charlize Theron. It depicts the struggles of a black navy man, Carl Brashear. Brashears story spans the years between 1950 and 1968 and sees multiple Navy camps, bases, ships, and hospitals. Carl Brashear is a black mule driver on his fathers farm with aspirations to be in the navy. The problem is that black men in the navy do not advance very far in the 1950s. Nevertheless, Carl leaves home and joins up. He starts off as a cook on the U.S.S Hoist, but soon moves up to a rescue unit after he shows himself to be the fastest swimmer on the ship. Soon after, he sees Chief Sunday risk his life to save another divers life. The feat ends Sundays diving career, and helps Carl decide that he wants to be a master diver. After writing 100s of letters, he is finally accepted into Sundays diving school. He immediately encounters unyielding racism. The other men will not bunk with him. Sunday goes after him with a fire hose. Threats are made on his life. He is told he will not be allowed to pass. Yet he perseveres. After failing his first three exams, Carl seeks the help of a local medical student, Jo. With her help he begins to pass his tests and rises to the top of the program. He later rescues another trainee from a sunken ship, but receives no credit for his bravery. Instead a white student is given a medal. One night Carl learns his father has died. He then goes into a white bar where the other sailors are. Sunday confronts him and they end up betting on who can hold their breath the longest. Carl wins the bet, but not the respect. The final test of the camp is to assemble something underwater. Instead of lowering him his tools, they throw them into...

UNIT 5 DISCUSSION BOARD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

UNIT 5 DISCUSSION BOARD - Essay Example Other government funded interests such as education, military and infrastructure will suffer greatly as well. According to the Commerce Department, the yearly payment on this debt, the deficit, reached $725.8 billion. This represents a 17.5 percent increase from 2004 (Armstrong, 2006). These figures are well past most peoples’ comprehension. If, for example, a person were to spend a million dollars a day since the birth of Christ, they would have to continue the spending spree for 700 more years to have spent one trillion dollars. Multiply that amount by eight. That still does not equal the current national debt. Started in 1791, the national debt was, by those days’ standards, an incredible $75 million. Due to President Andrew Jackson’s prudent approach to government spending, the national debt was lowered to, again adjusted to today’s standards, a much lower level – $37 thousand (Suter, 2004). The Reagan/Bush administrations of the 1980’s ran the debt up by historic proportions. When President Clinton took office in 1993, the debt stood at $2.4 tr illion. The massive increase of debt was not used for infrastructure, education, public programs or even to finance a war. As a result of Reagan’s ‘trickle down’ economic theory, the money wound up in the pockets of the rich. In the early 1990’s, Congress adopted a ‘pay-as-you-go’ policy and federal spending cuts which resulted in budget surpluses for four consecutive years. Clinton announced that the nation could pay off the debt by the year 2013 if it stayed on the present course (Schoen, 2006). That optimistic predication has long since been forgotten. Since 2000, the debt has tripled. The ‘pay-as-you-go’ policy expired in 2002 allowing Congress to cut taxes, a politically advantageous move while also increasing spending (Schoen, 2006). The current President Bush administration cut the taxes of the rich while increasing military

Opportunities for Food Company to Develop Healthier Eating Products Assignment

Opportunities for Food Company to Develop Healthier Eating Products - Assignment Example With growing efforts by the government and a high level of media interventions, the arena of healthy foods is becoming an important side for the research day by day. Not only that, but it is also becoming an increasingly important factor for the consumer as well as the retailers. This movement has thus worked as an advantage for the food manufacturers and processors as the demand in the product areas such as organic, vegetarian, and low-fat/low-sugar foods has increased to a great extent. In the recent years, there has been a change in the mind-set of the manufacturers and processors in dealing with the demand generated for these products and the need to develop new and innovative ways before-hand. Nowadays, these manufacturers and processors are becoming more and more proactive in dealing with these issues. The reasons for such a shift can be attributed from various reasons. To begin with, it has been realized that there has been an increase in the amount of disbelief by the consumers over the current health claims presented by the manufacturers. This means, that the consumers are now deciding for themselves; the market has now presented the manufacturers with various dimensions to market themselves to as the market has now segmented to those who fall to such claims generated by the manufacturers and those who do not. ... than that, it has also been observed that since lifestyles of each age group have now changed, there has been a decline in the formal lunch times which has, hence, increased in snack food market; for instance day time is spent on the office desk and night time is spent playing games (case study). On top of that, consumers are being more interested in healthy foods. Therefore, there has been an increase in consumers as well as the retailers that favor healthier low fat, low salt, and low sugar products. This is so, because there has been an increase in the time pressures in the lives of the consumers. The term ‘grazing’ can effectively be applied here as there has been reported an increase in the frequency of smaller meals in the day. The number of consumers carrying hand held snacks while simultaneously being health conscious have also increased during the years. This means, that the manufacturers must learn to anticipate demand quickly of this growing market and thus th ink of innovative ways in all areas to improve quality and grasp the already expanding market share. As far as the changes in the healthy eating environment is concerned, Winson (71-82) mentions in his study about a healthy eating movement that is gradually picking up pace. According to the paper, the author states that â€Å"this movement is directly related to and is a collection of various small food movements. The list includes the likes of the slow food movement, the movement promoting organic foods and the re-localizing food. The latter is one of those movements that has been on the rise lately and has held the attention of various researches. The overall food movement has also been closely related to food security initiatives that gathered attention after the era of nineties. Other than the